Netherlands to Return 119 Benin Bronzes to Nigeria in Historic Repatriation

Aimee Cherry Quartey
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Netherlands to Return 119 Benin Bronzes to Nigeria in Historic Repatriation
Head of an Oba
In a landmark decision, the Netherlands has agreed to return 119 Benin Bronzes to Nigeria, marking the largest single repatriation of these artifacts to date. These culturally significant items, including human and animal figures, plaques, royal regalia, and a bell, were looted by British soldiers during a punitive expedition in 1897 and have been housed in Dutch museums for over a century.  




The majority of the artifacts—113 pieces—are part of the Dutch National Collection and have been displayed at the Wereldmuseum in Leiden. The remaining six items belong to the municipality of Rotterdam. The decision to return these objects follows a formal request by Nigeria’s National Commission for Museums and Monuments and recommendations from the Dutch Advisory Committee on the Return of Cultural Objects from Colonial Context.  



At a ceremony held at the Wereldmuseum on February 19th, 2025, Dutch Minister of Culture Eppo Bruins and Nigerian officials signed the transfer agreement. Minister Bruins emphasized the importance of cultural heritage in understanding history, stating, “The Benin Bronzes are indispensable to Nigeria. It is good that they are going back.”  

This repatriation is part of a broader movement by European and North American institutions to address historical injustices related to colonial-era looting. Germany and France have undertaken similar restitutions in recent years. Nigerian officials hope that this action by the Netherlands will encourage other nations to follow suit in returning looted artifacts to their countries of origin.  

The Benin Bronzes, renowned for their intricate craftsmanship, hold profound cultural and historical significance for the Edo people of Nigeria. Their return is expected to enrich Nigeria’s cultural heritage and provide an opportunity for citizens to reconnect with their ancestral history.

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